SBA 504 Loan Program.
SBA 504 provides long-term, fixed-rate financing for eligible owner-occupied real estate, facilities, and major equipment through a Certified Development Company and lender.
Overview
What it does.
The program is designed for fixed assets that support business growth and job creation. A Chester borrower works with a Certified Development Company and a participating lender; it is not a direct SBA grant or general working-capital loan.
Best for: Owner-occupied commercial property acquisition, construction, renovation, modernization, or long-life equipment.
Eligibility
Who and what may qualify.
Eligible applicants
- Eligible for-profit U.S. small businesses meeting SBA financial and size requirements
- All direct and indirect owners must be U.S. citizens or U.S. nationals whose principal residence is in the United States, its territories, or possessions
Applicants excluded by the source
- Nonprofit businesses
- Passive or speculative businesses
- Businesses unable to meet owner-occupancy or other SBA requirements
- Businesses with any direct or indirect owner who does not meet SBA's current citizenship, nationality, and principal-residence requirements
Eligible uses
- Purchase or construction of owner-occupied buildings and land
- Improvement or modernization of facilities
- Long-life machinery and equipment
- Qualified debt refinancing under SBA rules
Uses excluded by the source
- Working capital
- Inventory
- Speculation or investment in rental real estate
- Unqualified debt refinancing
Application
How to start.
- Confirm that the project is an eligible fixed-asset use
- Contact a Certified Development Company serving Illinois
- Prepare business, financial, property, environmental, and project documentation with the CDC and lender
Timing: Certified Development Companies accept project inquiries on a rolling basis.
Planning notes
Limits to account for.
- Cannot fund working capital or inventory
- Property generally must meet SBA owner-occupancy requirements
- Passive rental real-estate investment is not eligible
- Current SBA policy requires 100 percent qualifying U.S. citizen or U.S. national ownership and qualifying principal residence
Often structured with a conventional lender loan and borrower equity; other incentives require coordinated lien, collateral, and eligible-cost review.
Evidence
Official sources.
- 504 loansU.S. Small Business Administration · accessed 2026-07-10
- Illinois District OfficeU.S. Small Business Administration · accessed 2026-07-10
- Update to SOP 50 10 8: Citizenship and Residency RequirementsU.S. Small Business Administration · accessed 2026-07-10